The art of conversation – Trivium program

Communication, by nature, is not a mechanical process. Grammar, logic and rhetoric are tools in service of something higher than themselves while simultaneously being the very symbols of this higher factor that pulls them together into a cohesive whole. Principles like correct[1] views, correct intention, correct expectations, correct observations, correct timing, self-control, “nothing unnecessary” and similar become manifest in unmistakable style elements of artists of communications, who are invariably leaders in the most diverse fields. In fact, these principles build the very foundations of leadership.

In the past 30 years or so, business organizations have become increasingly mechanized, to such a degree that we are witnessing the emergence of new paradigms, still accompanied by the old slogans that testify to organic realities: leadership, style, differentiation, community, and similar concepts.

Communication itself has become victim to the tendency of mechanization. Conversation, the de facto tool of exchanging information, has been replaced by templates operated by people in a robotic manner. Over the past ten years, I have personally observed the intensification of this tendency while leading various forms of communications initiatives in a wide variety of settings: genuine conversation has become almost impossible.

People now serve processes determined by technology, rather than the other way around. Many genuinely believe that after a 20–30 minute “data exchange” – which they call a discussion, a talk, a chat, or even an interview – they will walk away knowing more than they did before.

We can only speculate about what happens when people continue interacting but stop truly communicating with each other. Some signs are already visible in everyday workplace interactions – and we can probably agree that they do not look promising.

I am an optimist, yet I believe it is too late to trigger large-scale, systemic change. It is not too late, however, to effect small change by rethinking how we communicate within our own environments.

The Prakhsis Trivium Program is designed to support such efforts. If you’re interested in launching one within your team, let’s have a conversation.

www.prakhsisacademy.com


[1] What’s correct in terms of views are almost never what’s being perceived as beneficial short term for the business. When I say almost, I am being overly generous.

A nuanced view on recruiters being equal to hiring manager

There’s a lot of talk among recruiters about being advisors to hiring managers — about their being equal partners in the hiring process. One can’t help but feel, however, that in most cases, this is more wishful thinking than reality.

In practice, things often look quite different, primarily due to intellectual, experiential, and positional realities.

Intellectual realities

The career paths of recruiters and hiring managers — particularly in technical domains — are generally not comparable. Hiring managers often have more rigorous academic backgrounds, and their professional progression typically demands a higher level of intellectual engagement than that of most recruiters. The selection pressure they face throughout their careers tends to be significantly more intense.

There are exceptions, of course — recruiters in executive search who were once CEOs after a career in technical, financial, or otherwise intellectually demanding fields (I’m not counting economics, marketing, MBAs and similar). But these cases remain rare, even in firms that position themselves precisely on that premium level.

I’ve personally encountered recruiters with brilliant minds (not only ex CEOs in executive search), as well who outshine many hiring managers (due to intellectual and other actual practices outside recruiting) — again, in exceptional cases. The average recruiter is far from this. For emphasis: this doesn’t mean that potentially they would not be able to tackle the same challenges a software engineering manager, a financial director, a plant manager, etc. have had to tackle up to the point of the briefing meeting when they face each other perhaps the first time! But, alas, this is irrelevant.

In all fields where numbers dominate, the average is below the norm — and by norm, I mean something aspirational, ideally brilliance, certainly not mediocrity. In such fields, this applies to hiring managers, too: only a minority are truly exceptional in terms of intellect or aptitude. But based on what I’ve seen, their average tends to be higher than that of recruiters.

It’s worth pausing here for a brief detour into management consulting, a field whose entire positioning is based on intellectual excellence: rigorous selection processes, high-impact assignments, etc. Yet even here, the average falls below the norm. And if you consider the outright criminal behavior often seen at the top levels of leadership, one might argue that both intellect and character are lacking across the board.

Yes, both recruiting and the business functions that require hiring can be highly mechanical, thus intellectually restrictive. However, the perspective of the hiring manager is necessarily broader than that of the recruiter. This point needs no explanation. If this should not be the case, the hiring manager is most likely a liability.

This brings us to POSITIONAL realities. Recruiters are not responsible for the hire. Period. In some organizsations they may have to take the blame if a new hire doesn’t work out, but this is non-sense. It’s possible that a recruiter has seen a thousand hires taking place, but besides his well-defined contributions, he has made none. They may have built recruiting teams — but unless they’ve also built and managed engineering, finance, manufacturing, IT and similar teams, they are not on equal footing with the hiring managers responsible for those domains.

Of course, seasoned recruiters have likely seen more hiring mistakes than most hiring managers ever will. From that standpoint, they can bring useful insights to the table. But does that make them equals? Even if the recruiter also brings more intellectual rigor to the selection process (more consistent application of the principles of critical thinking, more powerful reasoning, etc.) than the hiring manager, the HM may render all this irrelevant due to his positional superiority: he can say “I don’t care” and get away with it. (I am aware of exceptions, for example in big tech and other entities where OD is highly politicized, but let’s stay outside of that bubble for now.)

Less experienced recruiters, who mostly deal with data management, process documentation, and recruiting software, are even farther from being able to contribute meaningfully to the selection process. For them, claiming a seat at the “selection table” is wildly ambitious.

I’ve heard of hiring managers — perhaps after reading too many recruiter-authored articles — posing a question during executive search discussions: “Would you take responsibility for your recommendation?” The nuanced response should be: of course,

  • If in case of conflict you take my recommendation over your own decision, and
  • If you put me on your board

For internal recruiters, this kind of framing — either being asked to take responsibility or volunteering to do so — is simply absurd.

To elevate the quality of hiring, both recruiters and hiring managers need to raise their intellectual game. Additionally, companies should rethink the internal recruiting function by experimenting with new operational models that challenge traditional role definitions and qualification standards.

Let me know if you’d like to discuss either — or both — in more detail.

On brilliance

Norms, averages, misfits

Fundamentally, there are two types of students: the good ones and the bad ones. Some of the good ones go on to become teachers the others move on to different things. Some of those who become teachers will become good teachers, most will become bad ones. Some of those who move on to other things will become good at what they do, others will be bad.

Common to all good students is that they fit the educational method; in other words: how they teach fits their learning style.

There are also two types of bad students: those who could be good at something else, but not at the given topic, and those whose learning style is not comparable to how the given institution teaches.

You may be asking at this stage: how about the average students or the average teachers? For simplicity’s sake let’s not even consider the average. The average is a gray mass that connects the bad and the good and the difference between the three factors is quantitative only. The bad may become average and the average may become good, depending on how we set the criteria for performance. There is, however, a qualitative factor that is rather disruptive to institutions that dominate the landscape today: brilliance.

If brilliance is an anomaly in a given organization or a given field, it sheds light on two things: the topic (the main thing) is unnatural and/or the approach is wrong. Both of these are typically the result of quantitative values: appeal to the masses.

True brilliance, namely, is naturally elitist and, naturally, there are elitist fields and organizations. Let’s look at poetry as an example: the greatest poets didn’t go to poetry school to learn from a good poetry teacher. Born poets live their craft from the moment they realize this is what they’re born to do and then they emerge ready, inimitable in their brilliance. The development process is focused on learning, not on teaching – and learning is solitary.

The same applies to scientists, doctors, philosophers, writers, architects, artists, craftsmen, wine growers, cheese makers, warriors, etc. Brilliance’ natural path of development is not the “hear and repeat” or adjustment to inferiority. Brilliance unfolds according to nature, so to speak: everything in nature is in the sign of perfection.

Since about the Renaissance, almost no organizations can accommodate brilliance.

The “majority” plays an important role in the relation between the average and the normal: the average shows how far the majority is from the norm. The lower you set the norm, the closer they will be, and the more normal the average will seem. This is what we see today when brilliance and the thrive for perfection is frowned upon.

There is another alternative: when the norm is kept high, latent qualities unfold and the average becomes brilliant. In such cases the majority (in any field and in any organization) is not numerous. If nothing less than brilliance is the norm, everything changes: the organization, the method, the people, and last but not least: the outcome.

Today, the brilliant ones in any field are misfits. And their role is to maintain the norm without compromise.

Conversation starter: how do you accommodate brilliant misfits? Let us know if you want to explore this and we’ll invite you to our next discussion on this topic!

HR has always been an odd function.

It has never had anything to do with making money. Over a 100 years ago HR was created by company owners to ensure their company complied with applicable laws. That’s it.

(The fact that the interest of company owners and that of employees have become mutually exclusive is significant. It is just as significant that “employers” consist of employees, including HR, acting against their own interests, in a schizophrenic modus operandi – with the obvious exceptions of small family businesses.)

For a long time, it didn’t try to be more than what it was: a bureaucratic function focused on compliance. Alas, like all functions, it “evolved” due to a push by daydreaming academics who made careers coming up with ideas about what it could be. Their effort was received with enthusiasm by ambitious career bureaucrats and together they turned HR into an undeniable monster which is perceived by everybody as an internal secret service (empowered servilism) or an incompetent saboteur – despite all the rhetoric to the contrary.

The problem, of course, always lies outside the domain that manifests it. Prior to personnel departments, there already existed bureaucratic structures in various government organizations, although these were fundamentally different from what we mean by bureaucracy today. These early bureaucracies manifested values far greater than the practical, pragmatic considerations absolutely necessary for the mere survival of the organization itself. To use a simple example: no bureaucracy could desacralize the value of one’s word back then; besides honoring agreements even without contracts (and the corresponding legal apparatus), this determined a respectful conduct in everyday interactions unimaginable today. Once ambition turned against values, a repulsive hubris developed, turning the natural order of things upside down, elevating the pragmatic above the ideal. It is not surprising that in such a sub-natural environment ill will is, in fact, valued and any manifestation of actual value is ridiculed.

Whole organizations have turned into absurd, cynical and value-signaling bureaucracies where nobody’s allowed to live their values, while everybody’s forced to talking about them; where statements and intentions clearly contradict each other; where a somber, Kafkaesque culture rules pervasively.

The problem is not that HR has no seat at the boardroom, or that it has no credibility from a business point of view. The situation is quite the opposite: the organization’s problem is that, as a whole, it has become the worst version of HR imaginable.

Image: a scene from Kafka’s The Trial

A guy I know positions himself as somebody who almost never had a job other than a CEO. Fresh out of university, his first job had been VP, but four years after that he was already CEO and he never looked back. It’s hard to check whether this is true – he started in the early 90s in the CEE. He set his price at 12,000 EUR/month, anything else would be insulting, as he put it. In the span of our relationship, he worked for top tier tech companies and private equity funds, trying to adjust companies to the content of business books: his positioning was impeccable. His results? Well: he was average. In the tech business, he was an Excel manager: others filled in the cost lines in his P&L, and competitors consistently beat him in the market. Nothing special.

I know another guy, this one in the pharma business: his price is 30K EUR/month: but for that money he’s prepared to do anything, as he says, to deliver – similarly to the morally flexible “thought leaders” in McKinsey; or in the top banks in the USA paying billions of dollars in fines and out of court settlements every year; or his (higher ranking) colleagues in pharma who hire the likes of McKinsey to optimize profits, no matter what.

An HR manager from Western Europe on assignment as an expat at a global food & bev company in Hungary nicely explained to me – as a side note in a conversation – that he considered search guys to be arrogant and brainless idiots who drive BMWs, get business from organizing BBQ parties for YPO members, and do absolutely nothing valuable. Who knows, he may be right. I know some search consultants who make over 85,000 EUR/month, by simply having a conversation with less than five people a day. They used to be CEOs of market leading companies in their geography and they’d never go back to trying to manage 1000s of people for the same money or less. The clients who pay their fees perceive their value very differently than the bitter HR manager who never hired top players himself.

We all know the prices of the suits running global companies.

All these people have successfully adjusted to the market: they have quantified their worth. Now: if the conditions change and the market no longer pays the price (or if they go to jail), there is a problem: their self-worth, even in their own perception, is ruined: a gap develops between what they project they’re worth and what they’re actually worth. This often leads to nothing less than personal tragedies.

As recently as two hundred years ago, people were considered to be more valuable than the products they produced or the process they served, and the cream of the crop in many professions joined guilds that put only 2-10% markup on their products or services: the lower the markup, the prouder were the masters. Not only craftsmen, but also academics in universities were organized in guilds. What made guilds special? Only quality mattered. What was the measure of quality? Usefulness to the community and mastery for the individual. This applied to other orders in society as well: the military, law, politics (for this we need to go back way more than 200 years) and religious organizations.

Quality people back then would have never come to the conclusion that they needed to quantify their worth. (For example, even if there had been demand, Clemens Wenzel Lothar Fürst von Metternich Winneburg would have never thought about charging any amount of money for giving a speech, opposite to modern politicians and celebrities who refuse to move a finger unless they’re paid for it; in fact, many consider people doing things for free to be losers, or look at people offering help for free with suspicion).

Pythagoras, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, the stoics, Plotinus, Thomas Aquinas, Meister Eckhart, Jacob Böhme, Muhyi al-Din ibn al-Arabi, Confucius, and many others whose names will never be known are simply not matched by Hegel, Kant, Freud, Jung, Heidegger (with all their merits considered), let alone, God forbid, by Zizek, Harari, Kurzweil, Flink, Musk, Zuckerberg, Gates, Jobs, Schmidt, Page, Bezos, Sinek, Robbins (or any other platitude mongering motivational speaker) or by any other F100 CEO or contemporary politician.

Quantitative differences, even in the trillion dollar magnitude, are insignificant when compared to qualitative differences, which may indeed be astronomical.

For closing, an anecdote: I heard a story on the Joe Rogan show about the confidence level of a rich (but short) guy in social situations (the story was told by the guest who knows the guy and the conclusion was that money makes men more confident). It reminded me of my ex neighbor (also a short man) who works with his hands, has never made more than 1,500 EUR/month, yet there is no man or situation that may shake his relaxed confidence; in other words: he doesn’t derive his self-worth from market conditions.

Can a machine be experienced?

The machine is fundamentally a quantitative concept. Of course, some machines are put together better than others and some perform their function better than others. Also, the machine is a productivity hack. This is all true. But the machine is fundamentally a quantitative concept. With time, it deteriorates.

The very essence of quality is that with time it improves: it beats entropy. Life is the most obvious qualitative concept – as long as it’s not mechanized, that is.

Experience is also a qualitative concept – as long as it’s not mechanical. It matters only to a specific point how much experience somebody has on an assembly line. Beyond that point, extra time doesn’t guarantee extra quality. The same applies also to any mechanical activity, be it white or blue collar. Think about processes from this point of view. Subordinating man to a mechanical process kills experience. Somebody making the same decisions for 20 years is not more experienced than somebody who has made them twice.

Most people abhor making the same decision twice in order to serve a process: it doesn’t feel right, since no two situations are the same: life simply doesn’t work that way. Company policies do not provide context for life, just as quantity never provides context for quality.

Experience also has a quantitative aspect: how many times one succeeds following or establishing true hierarchy by subordinating quantity to quality. Many people with great careers and decision-making power go through life without developing any experience at all – and this is the root cause of many of those corporate problems that become fashionable to “solve” profitably by inexperienced people: innovation problems, culture problems, diversity problems, motivational problems, quality problems, work-life balance problems, UX, CX, EX (user, customer, employee experience) problems, mental health problems and similar.

Referral programs are often hailed as a cost-effective and efficient way for companies to find high-quality candidates for their open positions. By leveraging existing employees’ networks, companies hope to tap into pools of talent that align with their culture and values. However, despite their potential, many referral programs consistently underperform, leaving hiring managers and HR teams scratching their heads. A deeper investigation into this issue reveals a surprising root cause: employees’ reluctance to refer individuals they perceive as significantly better than themselves.

The Promise and Reality of Referral Programs

Employee referral programs come with a slew of benefits. They are faster and cheaper than traditional hiring processes, reduce turnover rates, and often bring in candidates who already have an understanding of the company culture through their connection to the referrer. The logic is simple—employees, who understand the demands of their roles, are likely to recommend people they believe can excel.

And yet, referral programs frequently miss the mark. Companies expect a steady stream of referrals but often receive lackluster participation or, worse, recommendations that fail to bring in top-tier talent. Why the disparity between expectation and outcome?

The Fear Factor: Why Employees Hold Back

One of the less-discussed yet pervasive reasons for the underperformance of referral programs lies in the psychology of fear. Many employees fear referring professionals they perceive as stronger, smarter, or more skilled than themselves. This fear is not rooted in malice but rather in self-preservation. Here’s why:

1. Concerns About Job Security

When an employee refers someone they believe is better qualified, they might unconsciously worry that this new hire could outshine them or even render their own role redundant. This fear is particularly pronounced in competitive work environments where job security feels tenuous. Employees may avoid introducing talent that could overshadow their own contributions, instead opting to refer individuals whose skills, while adequate, do not pose a threat.

2. Fear of Judgment

Referring a candidate is, in many ways, a reflection of an employee’s judgment. If a referral fails to perform well or does not mesh with the team, the referrer may feel their credibility is at stake. To avoid this potential embarrassment, employees may hesitate to recommend individuals who challenge the status quo or bring unfamiliar skills to the table, even if those skills could be beneficial.

3. The Desire to Maintain Status Quo

Employees often form bonds with their coworkers, creating a sense of camaraderie and stability. Introducing someone who shakes up the dynamic—especially someone perceived as highly ambitious or demanding—might be seen as disruptive. Employees may feel pressure to protect the existing team dynamic rather than prioritize the long-term benefits of introducing stronger talent.

The Impact of These Fears

These factors delude the referral program’s potential, as companies find themselves onboarding competent but unremarkable hires at best, rather than innovative leaders and game-changers.

Conclusion

Referral programs hold immense potential to transform hiring processes—but only if they are implemented with an awareness of the psychological barriers that may stifle participation. By addressing the fears employees face when recommending top-tier candidates, companies can turn underperforming referral systems into dynamic engines of growth. The key lies in understanding organizations as organic communities as opposed to programmable machines, and making appropriate adjustments. Only then can referral programs truly fulfill their promise of delivering outstanding talent to drive organizations forward.